Next week you
may well be settling into the sofa, very full and quite drunk, to watch
the Queen's Christmas Message, or to give the proper title, Her
Majesty's Most Gracious Speech.
But there's another festive address that you should pay
attention to, made by another unelected head of state: Supreme Leader
Kim Jong Un.
Each year the North Korean despot gives a New Year speech. It's slightly different in tone from Queen Elizabeth's.
Her
Majesty is unlikely to address her viewers and subjects as 'comrades',
dwell on the details of projects like the "catalyst production base and
phosphatic fertilizer factory" or start by saying: "I feel my heart
swelling with the pride in waging the revolution shoulder to shoulder
with a great people."
But like the Queen's speech, the Chairman's
address is an assessment of the year gone and a look ahead to the one to
come. In such an opaque regime, that insight is important.
Image:The new year speech tradition was started by Kim Il Sung (L) but ignored by his son Kim Jong Il
The address also seems to be particularly important to Kim: he was
the one who revived the tradition, started by his grandfather Kim Il
Sung but skipped by his father Kim Jong Il, in 2013.
In 2017, Kim
promised to 'complete' the North's nuclear weapons programme - and
indeed we had a year of missile launches and nuclear tests that took the
Korean peninsula close to war.
Last year's speech turned out to
be an excellent guide for North Korea's actions in 2018. Kim recognised
the effect of sanctions, calling them "the harshest-ever challenges" and
sanctions relief has been a repeated and restated goal throughout 2018.
Maximum pressure was being acknowledged in Pyongyang.
The main
focus of the world was of course on North Korea's nuclear capability.
Here, Kim declared "definite success", saying: "we have created a mighty
sword for defending peace."
Something that wasn't much noted at
the time came later on in the speech though. The North Korean leader
said: "The nuclear weapons research sector and the rocket industry
should mass-produce nuclear warheads and ballistic missiles."
Image:Kim Jong Un and Moon Jae-in with their wives in September at the summit of the Paektu Mountains
Recently, reports based on satellite images have suggested that the
North is continuing its nuclear weapons programme. Some have framed this
as a deception but Kim said this quite publicly in his speech. If 2017
was the research phase, 2018 was the production run. North Korea has not
pretended otherwise.
But there were also hints about North
Korea's change of direction diplomatically and economically. Kim said:
"A turn should be brought about this year in improving the people's
standard of living." Later, in April, Kim stated that, a nuclear
capability achieved, all efforts would now be on the economy.
He
also hinted that he was open to more engagement with South Korea,
saying: "We truly wish the South a successful Olympics." That Olympics
turned out to be a breakthrough moment, with the North Koreans sending a
delegation, and North and South even fielding a joint ice hockey team.
Image:North Korean cheerleaders watch the united Korea's ice hockey team at the winter Olympics
The culmination of this outreach was of course the June summit in
Singapore with Donald Trump. It was striking here that Kim used his
undoubted diplomatic triumph to tell an economic story as well: pictures
of the glitzy towers of Singapore were shown by Korean state
television.
Usually anything that shows the wealth of capitalist
countries is banned but Kim positively flaunted it, saying "Singapore is
clean and beautiful and every building is stylish," and that he hoped
to learn from its development.
Image:North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un shakes hands with US President Donald Trump during a historic summit of the two nations.
This was unthinkable only a year before but again, the focus on the economy was previewed in Kim's speech six months earlier.
A
recent analysis of Kim's public appearances by a South Korean news
agency confirms this emphasis. In 2018, Kim made 123 public outings,
giving helpful on-the-spot guidance and the like. Of those, 52 were
related to diplomacy and 43 were about economic matters. The year
before, the majority of his visits had been military.
Which brings us to this year's address. What can we expect?
I'd
suggest there will be a restatement of North Korea's military and
nuclear force. Despite all the talk of peace, this should neither
surprise nor alarm observers. The military occupies a massive role in
North Korea and so warrants an address. Restatement of North Korea's
nuclear capability is also a useful reminder to the world of what's at
stake.
But the economy will probably dominate again. How it does so will be crucial, though.
Kim
will doubtless extol the virtues of self-reliance in industry and
innovation. But he may mention specific market-based reforms.
If
he does, that will be the best sign yet that he sees himself as an
economic reformer in the mould of former Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping,
who also learned from Singapore to open up China 40 years ago.
And
if that does prove the case, it means real concessions might be
possible in the North's nuclear programme. A second summit between
President Donald Trump and Kim, which Trump has suggested will happen in
January or February, will then have something to work with.
North Korea's diplomacy with the US is also guaranteed a mention - something that simply didn't exist the year before.
Kim is unlikely to attack Trump directly. Every strongly-worded
statement from North Korea has condemned opposition politicians, the
media, even people in Trump's administration, but never the man himself.
And as Trump also says, Kim will likely declare that he remains in no hurry to make a real deal happen.
Kim's address is unlikely to have the whole family sat in front
of the TV set. But it will give us a very good idea of what to expect
in 2019.
It seems there is something wrong with your internet connection. Please connect to the internet and start browsing again.
AdBlock Detected!
We have detected that you are using adblocking plugin in your browser. The revenue we earn by the advertisements is used to manage this website, we request you to whitelist our website in your adblocking plugin.
Site is Blocked
Sorry! This site is not available in your country.